Effect of Water and Chlorhexidine with Different Pressures of Oral Irrigation Device on the Surface Roughness and Topography of Giomer

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of different pressures of an oral irrigation device (OID) and the irrigation solution type on the surface roughness of the giomer restorative material. Material and Methods: In this in vitro study, disk-shaped giomer samples were fabricated and assigned to 5 groups (n=23): Group 1, storage in distilled water (control); Group 2, OID #7 pressure/ water; Group 3, OID #10 pressure/ water; Group 4, OID #7 pressure/ 0.05% CHX; Group 5, OID #10 pressure/ 0.05% CHX. The samples' treatment simulated a one-year application of OID. Surface roughness (Ra) and topography of the giomer were evaluated using profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed with Paired t-test, Tukey, and ANOVA tests (α=0.05). Results: The Ra of the samples increased significantly after treatment with OID (p<0.001). The roughness increase in groups with a pressure of 10 was higher than those with a pressure of 7 (p<0.001). The effect of pressure on surface changes was significant (p<0.001). However, the solution type and the cumulative effect of these two factors were insignificant (p=0.08 and p=0.43, respectively). Conclusion: Oral irrigation device with both solutions significantly increased the surface roughness and topographic changes of the giomer. The severity of these changes was related to the device's pressure.

Does the combination of whitening toothpaste and hydrogen peroxide bleaching increase the surface roughness and change the morphology of a nanofilled composite?

Aim: To evaluate changes in the surface roughness and morphology of a nanofilled composite following toothbrushing with a whitening (WT) or regular toothpaste (RT), alone or combined with 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching (HP). Methods: Seventy disc-shaped nanofilled composite (Filtek Z350XT) specimens were randomly divided into groups (n=10): WT, RT, TB (without toothpaste ­ control) or the combinations WT/ HP, RT/HP, TB/HP and HP. All groups underwent toothbrushing simulation (60,000 cycles) and bleaching treatment (4 sessions). Mean surface roughness (Ra, µm) was measured before (T0) and after treatments (TB). Surface morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at TB. Mean Ra was analyzed using general mixed models and multiple comparisons by the Tukey-Kramer test (α=5%). Results: HP caused no surface roughness changes on the nanofilled composite after treatment (p>0.05). RT toothbrushing, combined or not with HP, increased the surface roughness (p<0.05). WT and WT/ HP protocols had no effect on the surface roughness of the composite (p>0.05). The nanofilled composite submitted to RT toothbrushing combined with HP (RT/HP) presented substantial surface alterations under SEM, showing deep depressions and round-shaped defects. Toothbrushing with RT combined with the bleaching agent increased exposure of the inorganic fillers. Conclusion: WT toothbrushing, regardless of HP combination, or the single HP protocol had no effect on the surface roughness of the nanofilled composite. However, RT combined with HP negatively affected surface roughness and presented the most noticeable surface changes among groups

Color and surface roughness alterations of bulk-fill resin composites submitted to simulated toothbrushing with whitening dentifrices

Aim: To evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites after simulated toothbrushing with whitening dentifrices. The radioactive/relative dentin abrasion (RDA) and radioactive/relative enamel abrasion (REA) of dentifrices were also assessed. Methods: Specimens (n=10) of Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill (TNCB), Filtek One Bulk Fill (FOB) resin composites, and Z100(Control) were prepared using a cylindrical Teflon matrix. Surface roughness (Ra, µm) was assessed by a roughness meter and the color evaluations (ΔEab , ΔE00 , WID ) were performed using a digital spectrophotometer based on the CIELAB system. Three measurements were performed per sample, before and after simulated toothbrushing with 3D Oral-B White Perfection (3DW) and Black is White (BW) dentifrices. The abrasivity (REA and RDA values) of the used dentifrices was also determined by the Hefferren abrasivity test. Results: The Ra values increased significantly in all resin composites after 3DW and BW toothbrushing. The acceptable threshold color varied among resin composites, and TNCB and Z100 presented the highest ΔEab and ΔE00 for BW dentifrice. The 3DW dentifrice was significantly more abrasive than BW dentifrice on enamel and dentin. Conclusions: simulated toothbrushing with tested whitening dentifrices increased the surface roughness at acceptable levels. The Tetric N Ceram Bulk-fill and Z100 composite showed the highest color alteration in BW. 3D White Perfection dentifrice was more abrasive on dentin and enamel than Black is White.

Analysis of color stability and degree of conversion of different types of resin composites

Abstract Resin composites containing surface pre-reacted glass (S-PRG) have been introduced to reduce demineralization and improve remineralization of the tooth structure. However, water diffusion within the material is necessary for its action, which can impair its overall physicomechanical properties over time, including color stability. This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and related degree of conversion (DC) of four resin composites. Discs (6 x 4 mm, n = 5/group) of microhybrid (MH), nanofilled (NF), nanohybrid (NH), and S-PRG-based nanohybrid (S-PRG-NH) composites with two opacities (A2/A2E and A2O/A2D) were prepared. Color (CIELab and CIEDE2000) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer after aging in grape juice (2 x 10 min/10mL/7days). The DC was analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy before and after light-curing. Data were statistically analyzed by using two-way analysis of variance and post-hoc least significant difference tests (p<0.05). In the color stability analysis, the interaction between filler type and opacity was significant (CIELab, p = 0.0015; CIEDE2000, p = 0.0026). NH presented the highest color stability, which did not differ from that of MH. The greatest color alteration was observed for S-PRG-NH. S-PRG fillers also influenced DC (p < 0.05). The nanohybrid resin composite presented favorable overall performance, which is likely related to its more stable organic content. Notwithstanding the benefits of using S-PRG-based nanohybrid resins, mostly in aesthetic procedures, professionals should consider the susceptibility of such resins to color alteration, probably due to the water-based bioactive mechanism of action.

In vitro characterization of a novel resin-based restorative material containing alkaline fillers

Abstract Objective: In this study, a comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Cention N and other direct restorative materials was performed. Three restorative materials—a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), an alkasite-based resinous material (Cention N), and a resin composite (Tetric N Ceram)—were characterized in terms of degree of conversion, Knoop hardness number (KHN) ratio, flexural strength, elastic modulus, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, immediate microleakage, and radiopacity. Methodology: The microshear bond strength to dentin and microleakage of Cention N were evaluated with and without the application of an adhesive system (Tetric N Bond Universal). A one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data in terms of degree of conversion, KHN ratio, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, and radiopacity. A two-way ANOVA test (carried out considering the material type and ethanol aging as factors) was used to analyze the data in terms of flexural strength and elastic modulus. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to statistically analyze the data on microleakage. A significance level of α=0.05 was used for all tests. Results: Fuji II LC was found to have the highest degree of conversion, water sorption, and microleakage, as well as the lowest flexural strength. Cention N had the highest solubility; when used with an adhesive system, it achieved bond strength and microleakage similar to those of the Tetric N Ceram composite. Tetric N Ceram had the highest degree of conversion, KHN ratio, and radiopacity. Conclusion: The properties of Cention N validate its efficacy as an alternative direct restorative material when used in conjunction with an adhesive system.

Effect of composite radiopacity and margin location of the restoration on the diagnosis of secondary caries

Abstract This research aimed to evaluate the effect of the radiopacity of a Bulk-Fill composite (X-TraFil, VOCO, Germany) and a Conventional composite (P60, 3M ESPE, USA) and assessment of the margin location in the enamel and dentin on the diagnosis of secondary caries. 76 intact premolars with MOD preparation were divided into two equal groups and filled with the conventional and bulk-fill composite. Four regions were considered to simulate carious lesions (two regions in enamel and two regions in dentin). In each group, half of the regions in the dentin and half in the enamel were randomly selected for secondary caries simulation and filled with a wax-plaster combination while the remaining regions stayed intact. Bitewing imaging was done using the PSP digital sensor. Five examiners reviewed the images, and lesions were recorded. Caries diagnosis indicators and paired-sample t-test were used for statistical analysis. The reproducibility and accuracy of the examiners' responses were evaluated using the kappa and agreement coefficient (α=0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of diagnosing secondary carious lesions in enamel were significantly better under conventional than bulk-fill composite. Similarly, the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosing secondary caries in dentin were significantly higher under conventional composite than bulk-fill composite (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the agreement and kappa coefficient between conventional and bulk-fill composites in the enamel and dentin (p>0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of carious lesions was higher under conventional composite than bulk-fill composite. However, the location of the secondary was ineffective in caries diagnosis.

Resumo Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da radiopacidade de resina composta Bulk-Fill (X-TraFil, VOCO, Alemanha) e de resina composta convencional (P60, 3M ESPE, EUA) e a avaliação da localização da margem no esmalte e na dentina no diagnóstico de cárie secundária. 76 pré-molares intactos com preparo MOD foram divididos em dois grupos iguais e restaurados de acordo com o grupo experimental. Quatro regiões foram consideradas para simular lesões de cárie (duas regiões no esmalte e duas regiões na dentina). Em cada grupo, metade das regiões na dentina e metade no esmalte foram selecionadas aleatoriamente para a simulação de cárie secundária e preenchidas com uma combinação de cera e gesso, enquanto as regiões restantes permaneceram intactas. As imagens de bitewing foram feitas usando o sensor digital PSP. Cinco examinadores analisaram as imagens, e as lesões foram registradas. Os indicadores de diagnóstico de cárie e o teste t de amostra pareada foram usados para análise estatística. A reprodutibilidade e a precisão das respostas dos examinadores foram avaliadas usando o kappa e o coeficiente de concordância (α=0,05). A sensibilidade, a especificidade e a precisão do diagnóstico de lesões cariosas secundárias no esmalte foram significativamente melhores com a resina composta convencional do que com a resina composta bulk-fill. Da mesma forma, a sensibilidade e a precisão do diagnóstico de cáries secundárias na dentina foram significativamente maiores com a resina convencional do que com a resina bulk-fill (p<0,05). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na concordância e no coeficiente kappa entre as resinas convencionais e bulk-fill no esmalte e na dentina (p>0,05). A precisão do diagnóstico de lesões cariosas foi maior com a resina composta convencional do que com a resina composta bulk-fill. Entretanto, a localização do secundário foi ineficaz no diagnóstico de cárie.

Niobium oxyhydroxide as a bioactive agent and reinforcement to a high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite

Abstract Objective The present in vitro study incorporated niobium oxyhydroxide fillers into an experimental high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite to improve its mechanical performance and provide it a bioactive potential. Methodology Scanning electron microscopy synthesized and characterized 0.5% niobium oxyhydroxide fillers, demonstrating a homogeneous morphology that represented a reinforcement for the feature. Fillers were weighed, gradually added to the experimental resin composite, and homogenized for one minute, forming three groups: BF (experimental high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite; control), BF0.5 (experimental high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite modified with 0.5% niobium oxyhydroxide fillers), and BFC (commercial bulk-fill resin composite Beautifil Bulk U, Shofu; positive control). In total, 10 specimens/groups (8 × 2 × 2 mm) underwent flexural strength (FS) tests in a universal testing machine (Instron) (500N). Resin composites were also assessed for Knoop hardness (KH), depth of cure (DoC), degree of conversion (DC), elastic modulus (E), and degree of color change (ΔE). The bioactive potential of the developed resin composite was evaluated after immersing the specimens into a simulated body fluid in vitro solution and assessing them using a Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscope with an attenuated total reflectance accessory. One-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey's test (p<0.05), determined FS, DC, KH, and ΔE. For DoC, ANOVA was performed, which demonstrated no significant difference between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions The high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite with 0.5% niobium oxyhydroxide fillers showed promising outcomes as reinforcement agents and performed well for bioactive potential, although less predictable than the commercial resin composite with Giomer technology.

Effect of Toothpaste Fluoride Concentration on Color Stability of Resin Composites: An In Vitro Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effects of two different dentifrice fluoride concentrations on the color stability of the composite. Material and Methods: Twenty-seven specimens (2×4×5 mm) each of microfilled (Gradia, GC, Japan) and nanohybrid (Grandio, VOCO, Germany) composites were prepared. The specimens were randomly divided into six groups (control, Fluoflor caries protection toothpaste with 1450ppm Fluoride (EXW, France), and Fluoflor kids toothpaste with 500ppm Fluoride (EXW, France) (n = 9). The specimens were immersed in a mixture of artificial saliva and toothpaste in a ratio of 1:3 and applied for 60 seconds every 12 hours for 42 days. The control samples were incubated in artificial saliva at 37°C. Primary and secondary color measurements were performed using color parameters (L∗a∗b) with a spectrophotoshade (MHT Optic Research AG, Niederhasli, Switzerland). Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05. Results: According to the two-way ANOVA analysis, there was no significant difference in color change between the composites and no difference in the level of discoloration between different fluoride concentrations(p>0.05). Also, None of the dentifrices caused clinically significant color changes(∆E˂3.3). Conclusion: No clinically unacceptable color changes were observed in the microfilled and nanofilled composites with different concentrations of fluoride toothpaste.

Surface roughness of resin-based composites subjected to professional prophylaxis / Rugosidade de superfície de resinas compostas após profilaxia profissional

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de dois métodos de profilaxia sobre a rugosidade superficial de diferentes resinas compostas. Materiais e Métodos: Dez amostras (7 mm x 2 mm) foram confeccionadas para cada resina testada: MH - resina microhíbrida (viscosidade regular - Opallis); NH ­ resina nanohíbrida (viscosidade regular - Vittra APS); BF ­ resina bulk fill (alta viscosidade - Opus Bulk Fill); MHF ­ resina fluida microhíbrida (Opallis flow); e OS ­ resina nanohíbrida camaleão (viscosidade regular - Vittra Unique). Os valores iniciais de rugosidade (Rai) foram obtidos para cada amostra e então subdivididas em dois grupos (n = 5) seguindo o método de profilaxia: SB ­ jato de bicarbonato de sódio (125µm, 30 s, 10 mm de distância, 2 bar); e PP ­ profilaxia com pasta de pedra-pomes e escova rotatória (30 s, 3000 rpm e pressão de 150 g). Após, uma nova medida de Ra (Raf) foi obtida, e a diferença calculada (ΔRa). Os dados foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA três fatores e teste de Bonferroni, e a diferença de rugosidade (ΔRa) pelo teste Anova dois fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: MHF apresentou maior rugosidade após profilaxia com jato de bicarbonato, enquanto para NH a abrasão com pedra pomes foi mais deletéria. Para os demais grupos não houve diferença. Discussão: A alteração na rugosidade promovida pela profilaxia é material-dependente. Conclusão: A profilaxia profissional com jato de bicarbonato ou abrasão com pedra-pomes induziu alterações na rugosidade das resinas.

Aim: This study evaluated the effect of two prophylaxis methods over the surface roughness of different resin composites. Materials and Methods: Ten disc-shaped specimens (7 mm x 2 mm) were made for each composite tested: MH - microhybrid composite with regular viscosity (Opallis); NH ­ nanohybrid composite with regular viscosity (Vittra APS); BF ­ high-viscosity bulk fill composite (Opus Bulk Fill); MHF - microhybrid flowable composite (Opallis flow); and OS ­ nanohybrid one-shade composite with regular viscosity (Vittra Unique). Initial roughness (Ra) values were obtained from each sample, and then they were divided into two groups (n = 5) following the prophylaxis method: SB ­ prophylaxis with sodium bicarbonate powder (125µm grain) using an air-powder polishing device (30 s application distanced 10 mm with 2 bar); and PP ­ prophylaxis with pumice paste and rotatory brush (30 s, 3000 rpm and pressure of 150 g). After that, a new Ra measurement (Raf) was obtained, and the difference was calculated (ΔRa). Data were compared using Three-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni teste and the Ra difference (ΔRa) was analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (p<0.05). Results: MHF presented higher Ra values after receiving prophylaxis with SB, while for NH, the abrasion with pumice increased the Ra, and for the other groups, no differences were found. Discussion: Alteration promoted by prophylaxis is material dependent. Conclusion: Professional prophylaxis with a bicarbonate jet or abrasion with pumice-based paste can induce changes in the composites' roughness.

Rugosidade de superfície de resinas compostas após profilaxia profissional / Surface roughness of resin-based composites subjected to professional prophylaxis

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de dois métodos de profilaxia sobre a rugosidade superficial de diferentes resinas compostas. Materiais e Métodos: Dez amostras (7 mm x 2 mm) foram confeccionadas para cada resina testada: MH - resina microhíbrida (viscosidade regular - Opallis); NH ­ resina nanohíbrida (viscosidade regular - Vittra APS); BF ­ resina bulk fill (alta viscosidade - Opus Bulk Fill); MHF ­ resina fluida microhíbrida (Opallis flow); e OS ­ resina nanohíbrida camaleão (viscosidade regular - Vittra Unique). Os valores iniciais de rugosidade (Rai) foram obtidos para cada amostra e então subdivididas em dois grupos (n = 5) seguindo o método de profilaxia: SB ­ jato de bicarbonato de sódio (125µm, 30 s, 10 mm de distância, 2 bar); e PP ­ profilaxia com pasta de pedra-pomes e escova rotatória (30 s, 3000 rpm e pressão de 150 g). Após, uma nova medida de Ra (Raf) foi obtida, e a diferença calculada (ΔRa). Os dados foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA três fatores e teste de Bonferroni, e a diferença de rugosidade (ΔRa) pelo teste Anova dois fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: MHF apresentou maior rugosidade após profilaxia com jato de bicarbonato, enquanto para NH a abrasão com pedra pomes foi mais deletéria. Para os demais grupos não houve diferença. Discussão: A alteração na rugosidade promovida pela profilaxia é material-dependente. Conclusão: A profilaxia profissional com jato de bicarbonato ou abrasão com pedra-pomes induziu alterações na rugosidade das resinas.

Aim: This study evaluated the effect of two prophylaxis methods over the surface roughness of different resin composites. Materials and Methods: Ten disc-shaped specimens (7 mm x 2 mm) were made for each composite tested: MH - microhybrid composite with regular viscosity (Opallis); NH ­ nanohybrid composite with regular viscosity (Vittra APS); BF ­ high-viscosity bulk fill composite (Opus Bulk Fill); MHF - microhybrid flowable composite (Opallis flow); and OS ­ nanohybrid one-shade composite with regular viscosity (Vittra Unique). Initial roughness (Ra) values were obtained from each sample, and then they were divided into two groups (n = 5) following the prophylaxis method: SB ­ prophylaxis with sodium bicarbonate powder (125µm grain) using an air-powder polishing device (30 s application distanced 10 mm with 2 bar); and PP ­ prophylaxis with pumice paste and rotatory brush (30 s, 3000 rpm and pressure of 150 g). After that, a new Ra measurement (Raf) was obtained, and the difference was calculated (ΔRa). Data were compared using Three-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni teste and the Ra difference (ΔRa) was analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (p<0.05). Results: MHF presented higher Ra values after receiving prophylaxis with SB, while for NH, the abrasion with pumice increased the Ra, and for the other groups, no differences were found. Discussion: Alteration promoted by prophylaxis is material dependent. Conclusion: Professional prophylaxis with a bicarbonate jet or abrasion with pumice-based paste can induce changes in the composites' roughness.

Influência do tipo de compósito e tempo de exposição aos raios-x na produção de artefatos radiográficos em modelo de restaurações classe II / Influence of the composite type and exposure time to x-rays on the production of radiographic artifacts in a class II restoration model

Aim: To evaluate the effect of the exposure time and the type of composite in the production of radiographic artifact at the tooth / restorative interface. Materials and Methods: In 20 healthy bovine incisors, cavity preparations and class II restorations were made using composite resins Filtek Bulk Fill One (group 1) and Filtek Z350 (group 2). Then, the teeth were exposed to obtain digital radiographs, varying the exposure time by 0.07, 0.10, 0.14, 0.20 and 0.25s. The images were evaluated for investigation of the presence of artifact through the analysis of the modified number of pixels (QPXD) and the average gray value in class II (MGVR) restorations, using the Image J software (National Health Institute). Results: The presence of artifact was observed in all evaluated samples, regardless of the type of restorative material and the exposure time employed. There was no statistically significant difference in QPXD and MGVR between the resins used (ANOVA 2 factors, p p> 0.05). The MGVR analysis indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between resins or between exposure times (p> 0.05). There was a correlation between QPXD and MGVR (r = 0.29) for Filtek Bulk Fill One resin. Discussion: This study reveals the importance of attention to the region of the tooth-restoration interface by the Surgeon-Dentist, who must combine the radiographic findings diagnosed using digital tools to clinical signs in order to compose a unique therapeutic project with a real need for intervention, if there is such need. Conclusion: The presence of altered pixels on dentin in the region of the tooth-restoration interface was identified in all specimens. The variation in the exposure time as well as the type of the restorative composite did not influence the increase or decrease of QPXD and neither in MGVR. However, there was a correlation between QPXD and MGVR for Filtek Bulk Fill One resin.

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do tempo de exposição e do tipo de compósito na produção de artefato radiográfico na interface dente/material restaurador. Materiais e Métodos: Em 20 incisivos bovinos hígidos foram feitos preparos cavitários e restaurações classe II utilizando resinas compostas Filtek Bulk Fill One (grupo 1) e a Filtek Z350 (grupo 2). Em seguida, os dentes foram expostos para obtenção das radiografias digitais, variando o tempo de exposição em 0,07, 0,10, 0,14, 0,20 e 0,25s. As imagens foram avaliadas para investigação da presença de artefato através da análise do número de pixels modificado (QPXD) e do valor médio de cinza nas restaurações de classe II (MGVR), utilizando o software Image J (Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Bethesda, MD, EUA). Resultados: Observou-se a presença de artefato em toda amostra avaliada, independente de tipo de material restaurador e tempo de exposição empregado. Não se observou diferença estatisticamente significativa na QPXD e nos MGVR entre as resinas utilizadas (ANOVA 2 fatores, p p>0,05). A análise do MGVR indicou que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as resinas nem entre os tempos de exposição (p>0,05). Observou-se uma correlação entre a QPXD e o MGVR (r=0,29) para a resina Filtek Bulk Fill One. Discussão: Como significado clínico, o presente estudo revela a importância da atenção à região da interface dente-restauração por parte do Cirurgião-Dentista, o qual deve aliar os achados radiográficos diagnosticados com o auxílio de ferramentas digitais aos sinais clínicos, para compor um projeto terapêutico singular com uma real necessidade de intervenção, caso haja. Conclusão: Foi identificado a presença de pixels alterados sobre a dentina na região da interface dente-restauração em todos os corpos de prova. A variação do tempo de exposição como também o tipo do compósito restaurador não influenciou no aumento ou diminuição do QPXD e nem tão pouco no MGVR. Contudo houve correlação entre o QPXD e o MGVR para a resina Filtek Bulk Fill One.

Facetas em resina composta com fechamento de diastemas para harmonização do sorriso: relato de caso / Composite resin veneers with diastema closure for smile harmonization: A case report / Facetas de resina compuesta con cierre de diastemas para harmonización de la sonrisa: Informe de caso

Introdução:A estética do sorriso é um aspecto valorizado pela sociedade atual, o que demanda que os profissionais de odontologia estejam atualizados sobre materiais dentários e novas técnicas para alcançar resultados estéticos restauradores de alta qualidade. A resina composta é frequentemente utilizada para simplificar a reabilitação oral, pois oferece facetas dentárias que combinam excelente estética e durabilidade. Objetivo:Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de reabilitação estética utilizando facetas em resina composta com fechamento de diastemas.Relato de caso:Uma paciente do sexo feminino, com 24 anos de idade, procurou a clínica escola de odontologia com insatisfação em relação à estética do seu sorriso. A pacienteapresentava diastemas, restauração defeituosa e desproporção no tamanho dos dentes anteriores. O tratamento consistiu em um clareamento caseiro prévio, seguido pela confecção de facetas diretas em resina composta para fechamento dos diastemas e correção da desproporção dentária. Foram utilizados um Jig Estético e o software Digital Smile Design (DSD)para o planejamento, além de um mock-up em resina bisacrílica. Após a confecção das facetas, foi obtido um resultado estético final satisfatório. O caso incluiu um total de oito facetas,dos dentes 14 ao 24. Conclusão:O tratamento utilizando restaurações em resina composta proporcionou à paciente uma reabilitação estética, funcional e biológica (AU).

Introduction:Smile aesthetics is an aspect valued by today's society, which demands that dental professionals are up to date on dental materials and new techniques to achieve high-quality restorative aesthetic results. Composite resin is often used to simplify oral rehabilitation, as it offers dental veneers which combine excellent aesthetics and durability. Objective:This article aims to report a clinical case of aesthetic rehabilitation using composite resin veneers with diastema closure. Case report:A24-year-old female patient came to the dental school clinic with dissatisfaction regarding the aesthetics of her smile. The patient had diastemas, defective restoration and disproportionate anterior teeth size. The treatment consisted of prior at-home tooth bleaching, followed by creating direct composite resin veneers to close the diastemas and correct tooth disproportion. An Aesthetic Jig and the Digital Smile Design (DSD) software program were used for planning, in addition to a mock-up in bisacrylic resin. After treatment, a satisfactory final aesthetic result was obtained. The case included a total of eight veneers, from teeth 14 to 24. Conclusion:Treatment using composite resin restorations provided the patient with aesthetic, functional and biological rehabilitation (AU).

Introducción: La estética de la sonrisa es un aspecto valorado por la sociedad actual, hecho que demanda de los profesionales de odontología actualización constante sobre los materiales dentarios y nuevas técnicas para alcanzar resultados estéticos restauradores de altacualidad. La resina compuesta es frecuentemente utilizada para simplificar la rehabilitación oral, pues ofrece facetas dentarias que combinan excelente estética y durabilidad.Objetivo: Este artículo tiene como objetivo relatar un caso clínico de rehabilitación estética a partir de la utilización de facetas en resina compuesta con cierre de diastemas. Informe de caso: Una paciente, del sexo femenino, con 24 años de edad, buscó la clínica-escuela de odontología insatisfecha con la estética de su sonrisa. La paciente presentaba diastemas, restauración dentaria defectuosa y desproporción en el tamaño de los dientes anteriores. El tratamiento consistió en un blanqueamiento casero previo, seguido por la confección de facetas directas de resina compuesta para cierre de los diastemas y corrección de la desproporción dentaria. Fueron utilizados un Jig Estético y el software Digital Smile Design(DSD) para el planeamiento, además de un mock-upen resina bisacrílica. Tras la confección de las facetas, fue obtenido un resultado estético final satisfactorio. El caso incluyó un total de ocho facetas, de los dientes 14 al 24.Conclusión: El tratamiento a partir de restauraciones en resina compuesta proporcionó a la paciente una rehabilitación estética, funcional y biológica (AU).

Effects of LED Lights on Bulk Fill Resin Polymerization

The present study analyzed the microhardness and degree of conversion of three Bulk Fill resins (M1 - Filtek Bulk Fill; M2 - Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill and M3 - Opus Bulk Fill) polymerized by single peak and polywave Light-emitting Diode Curing Lights. A total 90 test specimens (n=10) were obtained using a Teflon matrix for the purpose of testing microhardness; and for degree of conversion: 135 specimens (n=5) by using a 2 x 6 cm matrix. The specimens were light polymerized using 3 light sources (L1 - Optilight Max, L2 - Bluephase, L3 - VALO). They were kept in artificial saliva om an oven at 37±1°C during the experiment. The degree of conversion was measured by FTIR 24 h after obtaining each test specimen. The microhardness readouts were performed with a microdurometer at the time intervals of 48 hours (T0), 7 days (T1), 14 days (T2) and 21 days (T3). M1L3 was found to show the highest microhardness values in T2, and M1 showed the lowest degree of conversion in the deep third with L1. It was concluded that Filtek Bulk Fill resin showed the best results in comparison with the other resins.

El presente estudio analizó la microdureza y el grado de conversión de tres resinas Bulk Fill (M1 - Filtek Bulk Fill; M2 - Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill y M3 - Opus Bulk Fill) polimerizadas por lámparas de curado de diodo emisor de luz de pico único y polionda. Se obtuvieron un total de 90 especímenes de prueba (n=10) utilizando una matriz de teflón con el propósito de probar la microdureza; y para grado de conversión: 135 especímenes (n=5) utilizando una matriz de 2 x 6 cm. Las muestras se fotopolimerizaron utilizando 3 fuen- tes de luz (L1 - Optilight Max, L2 - Bluephase, L3 - VALO). Se mantuvieron en saliva artificial en estufa a 37 ±1°C durante el experimento. El grado de conversión se midió por FTIR 24 h después de obtener cada muestra de prueba. Las lecturas de microdureza se realizaron con un microdurómetro en los intervalos de tiempo de 48 horas (T0), 7 días (T1), 14 días (T2) y 21 días (T3). Se encontró que M1L3 mostraba los valores más altos de microdureza en T2, y M1 mostraba el grado más bajo de conversión en el tercio profundo con L1. Se concluyó que la resina Filtek Bulk Fill mostró los mejores resultados en comparación con las demás resinas.

Restauração transcirúrgica: inter-relação periodontia e dentística / Transsurgical restoration: interrelationship between periodontics and dentistry

Tendo em vista a importância da relação Dentística Restauradora e Periodontia na Odontologia atual, o presente estudo demonstrou o relato de um caso clínico realizado no Complexo Odontológico do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha (FSG), retratando um procedimento de restauração transcirúrgica em um paciente cujo elemento 13 estava comprometido com uma cavidade subgengival disto-palatino, sendo a resina composta o material restaurador de escolha. Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar um caso clínico demonstrando a técnica de restauração transcirúrgica e a integração do planejamento entre Periodontia e Dentística Restauradora realizado na Clínica de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha -FSG. Este trabalho mostrou a importância da realização de uma técnica cirúrgica e restauradora correta por parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas, assim como na verificação de que os tecidos periodontais podem reagir de forma positiva à presença de materiais restauradores adesivos posicionados subgengivalmente(AU)

In view of the importance of the restorative dentistry and periodontics relationship in current dentistry, the present study demonstrated the report of a clinical case carried out in the Dental Complex of the Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha - FSG, portraying a transsurgical restoration procedure in a patient whose element 13 was compromised with a subgingival cavity of this-palatine, the composite resin being the restorative material of choice. This study aimed to present a clinical case demonstrating the technique of transsurgical restoration and the integration of planning between Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry carried out at the Dentistry Clinic of the University Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha - FSG. This study showed the importance of performing a correct surgical and restorative technique by dentists, as well as in verifying that periodontal tissues can react positively to the presence of adhesive restorative materials positioned subgingival(AU)

Radiopacity and physical properties evaluation of infiltrants with Barium and Ytterbium addition

Abstract Radiopaque properties in the infiltrant should be interesting for clinicians to feel more confident to indicate this treatment. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of barium and ytterbium particles on the physical properties of resin infiltrants. Groups were divided according to the addition of ytterbium oxide (Y) alone (30 or 40%) or Y with barium (YB) (15/15% or 20/20% respectively) in the Icon commercial infiltrant and in the experimental infiltrant base. Digital radiography (n=5), Microradiography (n=5), Microtomography (n=3), degree of conversion (n=5), water sorption (n=16), solubility (n=16), contact angle (n=16), flexural strength (n=16), elastic modulus (n=16) and Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (n=10) were performed. Analyses were performed using the R program, with a significance level of 5%, and microradiography and Microtomography analyses were evaluated qualitatively. In groups with 30 or 40% of ytterbium, radiopacity was higher or equal to enamel. Microradiography and Microtomography appear to have more radiopacity in groups with 40% (Y). Among the groups with no particle addition, those of the experimental infiltrant presented a higher degree of conversion than those of Icon®. In most groups, there was solubility below the ISO-recommended levels. The addition of particles resulted in higher viscosity. Groups with Icon had higher flexural strength and elastic modulus than groups with experimental infiltrant. The addition of 40% (Y) improved polymerization, had low solubility, and had greater radiopacity than enamel, however negatively affected the viscosity increasing then. Experimental groups with the base showed a higher water sorption than Icon groups.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito da incorporação de partículas de Bário e Itérbio nas propriedades físicas de infiltrantes resinosos. Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com a adição de Itérbio puro (30 ou 40%) ou Itérbio com Bário (15/15% ou 20/20% respectivamente) no infiltrante comercial Icon e no Infiltrante experimental base. Foram realizados os testes de: radiografia digital (n=5), microradiografia Transversa (n=5), microtomografia (n=3), grau de conversão (n=5), sorção (n=16), solubilidade (n=16), ângulo de contato (n=16), resistência flexural (n=16), modulo de elasticidade (n=16) e Espectroscopia por energia dispersiva (n=10). As análises foram realizadas utilizando o programa R, com nível de significância de 5%, e os testes de microradiografia e microtomografia foram analisados qualitativamente. Nos grupos com 30 ou 40% de Itérbio, a radiopacidade foi maior ou igual ao esmalte dentário. Na microradiografia e microtomografia parece ter maior radiopacidade nos grupos com 40% de itérbio. Dentre os grupos sem adição de partículas, os do infiltrante experimental apresentaram maior grau de conversão do que os do Icon e o grupo controle experimental e com 40% de itérbio apresentaram os melhores resultados. Na maioria dos grupos, a solubilidade foi abaixo dos níveis recomendados pela ISO. A adição de particulas resultou em maior viscosidade. Os grupos com Icon apresentaram maior resistência flexural e modulo de elasticidade do que os grupos com infiltrante experimental e a quantidade de partícula aumentou a resistência e o módulo de elasticidade. A adição de 40% de itérbio melhorou a polimerização, apresentou baixa solubilidade e maior radiopacidade do que o esmalte, porém afetou negativamente a viscosidade, aumentando-a.

Dentifrícios branqueadores contendo Blue covarine: revisão de literatura / Bleaching dentifrices containing "Blue covarine" literature review

Introdução: O efeito branqueador dos dentifrícios contendo Blue covarine é fundamentado no seu mecanismo de ação, caracterizado pela sua deposição na superfície dentária, alterando a percepção da cor. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura e buscar evidência científica sobre o efeito branqueador do Blue Covarine em tecidos mineralizados e materiais restauradores estéticos. Materiais e métodos: Para a revisão da literatura foram feitas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, BBO, SciELO e MEDLINE para identificar estudos clínicos e laboratoriais que avaliassem a ação branqueadora do agente óptico Blue covarine. Como estratégia de busca foram utilizados os descritores "Blue covarine", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes", "Blue covarine and toothpaste", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios", "Blue covarine and dentifrices", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios branqueadores", "Blue covarine and whitening dentifrices", "Blue covarine e dentifrícios clareadores", "Blue covarine and bleaching dentifrices", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes branqueadoras", "Blue covarine and whitening toothpaste", "Blue covarine e pasta de dentes clareadoras", "Blue covarine and bleaching toothpaste". Resultados: Dois pesquisadores selecionaram e analisaram criticamente 31 artigos, sendo 2 revisões da literatura, 4 estudos clínicos e 25 estudos laboratoriais. Divergências quanto ao desenho de estudo, métodos, amostra, critérios clínicos e parâmetros laboratoriais foram observados, além de conflitos de interesse. Conclusão: O Blue Covarine presente nos dentifrícios branqueadores parece ser efetivo na promoção do branqueamento dentário apenas quando associado aos agentes abrasivos presentes nas formulações, evidenciando que ensaios clínicos e laboratoriais, com metodologias semelhantes, são necessários para se obter evidência científica conclusiva sobre o efeito deste agente branqueador.(AU)

Introduction: The whitening effect of dentifrices containing Blue Covarine is based on its mechanism of action, characterized by its deposition on the tooth surface, altering the perception of color. Objective: To review the literature and seek scientific evidence on the whitening effect of Blue Covarine on mineralized tissues and aesthetic restorative materials. Materials and methods: For the literature review, searches were carried out in the PubMed, LILACS, BBO, SciELO and MEDLINE databases, in order to identify clinical and laboratory studies that evaluated the whitening action of the optical agent Blue Covarine. As a search strategy, the descriptors "Blue Covarine", "Blue Covarine and toothpaste", "Blue Covarine and dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and whitening dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and bleaching dentifrices", "Blue Covarine and whitening toothpaste", "Blue Covarine and bleaching toothpaste". Results: Two researchers selected and critically analyzed 31 articles, including 2 literature reviews, 4 clinical studies and 25 laboratory studies. Differences in study design, methods, sample, clinical criteria and laboratory parameters were observed, in addition to conflicts of interest. Conclusion: Blue Covarine present in whitening dentifrices seems to be effective in promoting dental whitening only when associated with abrasive agents present in the formulations, showing that clinical and laboratory tests, with similar methodologies, are necessary to obtain conclusive scientific evidence on the effect of this bleaching agent.(AU)

The effect of whitening toothpastes on colour change and surface roughness of restorative materials

To examine the colour change and surface roughness of giomer, microhybrid composite and nanohybrid composite after brushing with whitening toothpastes. Disc-shaped samples of giomer, microhybrid composite and nanohybrid composite were divided into three subgroups(n=10), with the initial colour measured with a spectrophotometer and the surface roughness measured with a mechanical profilometer. The samples, which were immersed in coffee solution were brushed once a day with whitening toothpastes (Opalescence Cool Mint (OCM), Colgate Optic White Extra Power (COW) and Signal White Now Gold (SWN)) for 12 days. Colour change and surface roughness were measured again after the colouring-brushing cycle. All of the analyses were performed using appropriate statistical hypothesis tests. The highest increase in surface roughness was seen in the microhybrid composite group applied with SWN (p<0.05). The group with the least increase was the giomer group applied with SWN (p<0.05). While the least colour change was observed in the COW applied nanohybrid composite group (ΔE00=1,814), the most colour change occurred in the COW applied giomer group (ΔE00=5.943). After the use of whitening toothpastes, the roughness of giomer, microhybrid composite and nanohybrid composite surfaces was increased and a colour change above the clinically accepted value was observed.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el cambio de color y la rugosidad de la superficie de giomer, resina compuesta microhíbrida y resina compuesta nanohíbrida posterior al cepillado con dentífricos blanqueadores. Las muestras en forma de disco de cada material se dividieron en tres subgrupos (n=10), con el color inicial medido con un espectrofotómetro y la rugosidad de la superficie medida con un perfilómetro mecánico. Las muestras, que se sumergieron en una solución de café, se cepillaron una vez al día con pastas dentales blanqueadoras (Opalescence Cool Mint (OCM), Colgate Optic White Extra Power (COW) y Signal White Now Gold (SWN)) durante 12 días. El cambio de color y la rugosidad de la superficie se midieron nuevamente después del ciclo de coloración-cepillado. El mayor aumento en la rugosidad de la superficie se observó en el grupo de la resina compuesta microhíbrida al que se le aplicó SWN (p<0,05). El grupo de menor incremento fue el grupo de giomer aplicado con SWN (p<0.05). Mientras que el menor cambio de color se observó en el grupo de resina compuesta nanohíbrida aplicado con COW (ΔE00=1,814), el mayor cambio de color ocurrió en el grupo de giomer con COW (ΔE00=5,943). Posterior al uso de pastas dentales blanqueadoras, la rugosidad del giomer, y de las resinas compuestas microhíbridas y nanohíbridas aumentó, siendo que se observó un cambio de color por encima del valor clínicamente aceptado.

Faceta Direta de Resina Composta utilizando Pigmentos Opacificadores para Reabilitação Estética Anterior de Dente Escurecido: Relato de Caso / Direct Composite Resin Veneer using Opacifying Pigments for Anterior Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Discolored Teeth: Case Report

O tratamento estético de dentes com alteração de cor é um grande desafio na Odontologia Restauradora. Nesse sentido, a utilização de técnicas de estratificação com resina composta associada ao uso de pigmentos opacificadores permite que seja possível restaurar por meio de uma técnica direta, que resulta em um menor desgaste da estrutura dental durante o preparo. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho apresenta um caso clínico de faceta direta de resina composta utilizando associação de três pigmentos opacificadores. Paciente do sexo masculino, 54 anos, procurou atendimento apresentando alteração de cor severa do dente 21, relato de trauma dental, tratamento endodôntico e contraindicação de novo protocolo de clareamento interno, sendo sugerido, como plano de tratamento, a restauração direta com resina composta. Para a confecção da faceta direta de resina, foi utilizada uma mistura de três opacificadores na consistência fluida. Para verificar o valor da camada aplicada da mistura, foram feitas fotografias em preto e branco. A estratificação prosseguiu com camadas de resina translúcida para a base palatina, resina opaca de dentina e resina acromática translúcida para o esmalte. Como resultado, constatou-se a função e eficácia do uso da associação de pigmentos opacificadores na resolução do caso, em seguida, foi realizada uma reavaliação após 30 dias e 7 meses do procedimento restaurador, quando verificou-se a estabilidade de cor da restauração. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a utilização da técnica de estratificação de resinas compostas associada a utilização de pigmentos opacificadores traz resultados estéticos satisfatórios e favoráveis por meio de uma técnica direta, realizada em sessão clínica única e com alta previsibilidade.

The esthetic treatment of teeth with discoloration is a major challenge in restorative dentistry. In this sense, the use of composite resin veneering techniques associated with the use of opacifying stains allows restorations to be made using a direct technique, which results in less wear to the tooth structure during preparation. Thus, the present study presents a clinical case of a direct composite resin veneer using an association of three opacifying pigments. A 54-year-old male patient presented with severe color change on the central upper left incisor, a report of dental trauma, endodontic treatment, and contraindication for a new internal bleaching protocol. In order to make the direct resin veneer, a mixture of three opacifiers in a fluid consistency was used. To check the value of the applied layer of the mixture, black and white photographs were taken. Layering proceeded with translucent resin layers for the palatal base, opaque dentin resin and translucent achromatic resin for the enamel. As a result, the function and efficacy of the use of the association of opacifying pigments was verified in the resolution of the case. A reevaluation was performed 30 days and 7 months after the restorative procedure, when the color stability of the restoration was verified. This case allows to conclude that using composite resin layering technique associated with the use of opacifying pigments brings satisfactory and favorable aesthetic results through a direct technique, performed in a single clinical session and with high predictability.

Patients´ satisfaction concerning direct anterior dental restoration

Abstract The objective of this study was to observe patients' satisfaction with their in-service direct anterior dental restorations and to compare it with clinical evaluation using FDI (Federation Dental International) criteria. Patients scored their own anterior dental restorations regarding satisfaction (satisfactory /dissatisfactory). If dissatisfaction was mentioned, then, they would be interviewed about the complaint. In the same session, the dental restorations were clinically evaluated by two dentists using FDI criteria (1-5 score) concerning esthetic, functional, and biological domains. Descriptive statistics were used for frequencies of scores attributed by patients and clinicians. In order to compare patients' to clinicians' frequencies, the Chi-square test was applied (p ≤ 0.05). A total of 106 restorations were evaluated by patients and clinicians. Patients reported 52.8% of restorations satisfactory and 47.8% dissatisfactory. Overall, clinicians reported the same restorations as 82,3% satisfactory and 17,6% dissatisfactory. Patients' most frequent complaints referred to color, followed by anatomical form, fracture of material and retention, and approximal anatomical form. Comparing patients' satisfaction and dissatisfaction rates to clinicians' evaluation per criteria, there was no difference regarding esthetics. The frequency of dissatisfactory restorations by clinicians was significantly lower when functional and biological properties were compared with patients' opinions. Direct anterior dental restorations were more frequently reported as satisfactory by patients and clinicians, being the main complaints related to esthetic issues. When clinicians and patients' evaluations were compared, it was observed that the frequencies of satisfactory restoration by patients and clinicians were similar regarding esthetic properties, and significantly different regarding functional and biological properties.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a satisfação dos pacientes com suas restaurações dentárias anteriores diretas e compará-las com a avaliação clínica do dentista usando os critérios FDI (Federation Dental International). Os pacientes pontuaram suas restaurações dentárias (n=106) anteriores em relação à satisfação (satisfatória / insatisfatória). Quando insatisfatória, ele foi entrevistado sobre a queixa. Na mesma sessão, as restaurações dentárias foram avaliadas clinicamente por dois dentistas utilizando os critérios FDI (escore 1-5) quanto aos aspectos estéticos, funcionais e biológicos. Estatística descritiva foi usada para frequências de escores atribuídos por pacientes e clínicos. Para comparar as frequências dos pacientes e dos clínicos, foi aplicado o teste Qui-quadrado (p ≤ 0,05). Os pacientes relataram suas restaurações como 52,8% satisfatórias e 47,8% insatisfatórias. Os clínicos reportaram as mesmas restaurações, 82,3% satisfatória e 17,6% insatisfatória. As queixas mais frequentes dos pacientes referiam-se à cor, seguida da forma anatômica, fratura e retenção do material e forma anatômica proximal. Comparando os índices de satisfação e insatisfação dos pacientes com os clínicos, não houve diferença em relação à estética. A frequência de restaurações insatisfatórias por dentistas foi significativamente menor quando as propriedades funcionais e biológicas foram comparadas com as opiniões dos pacientes. As restaurações foram mais frequentemente relatadas como satisfatórias pelos pacientes, sendo as principais queixas relacionadas a questões estéticas. Quando as avaliações dos clínicos e dos pacientes foram comparadas, observou-se que as frequências de restaurações satisfatórias por pacientes e clínicos foram semelhantes em relação às propriedades estéticas e significativamente diferentes em relação às propriedades funcionais e biológicas.

Biomechanical and chemical behavior of various bioactive materials in class II restorations / Desempeño biomecánico y químico de diferentes materiales bioactivos en restauraciones clase II

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the biomechanical and chemical behavior of various bioactive materials in class II MOD restorations. Forty- eight standardized class II MOD cavities were prepared in sound extracted human molar teeth. The specimens were divided into four groups according to the restorative material: Group 1 (Filtek™ Z350 XT), Group 2 (Biodentine™ as a liner, and then restored with Filtek™ Z350 XT), Group 3 (Cention N™), and Group 4 (Activa™ Bioactive-Restorative). The samples were tested for fracture resistance by subjecting them to a compressive load in a Universal testing Machine. The failure modes of each specimen were evaluated. The alkalinizing potential and calcium ion release of the materials were measured. SEM-EDAX analyses were also performed for all materials. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (p<0.05). Group 1 showed the higher fracture resistance (p<0.05). Group 3 had greater fracture resistance values but no statistical difference from Group 4. Biodentine™ showed greater biomineralization potential. Class II MOD restorations of Group 1 displayed the higher fracture resistance; however, it was highly associated with catastrophic failure. Conversely, Biodentine™ presented a more significant bioactivity potential, and its use, as in Group 2, promoted the most favorable failure mode.

El objetivo de este estudio, in vitro, fue evaluar el desempeño biomecánico y químico de varios materiales bioactivos en restauraciones clase II MOD. Se prepararon cuarenta y ocho cavidades clase II MOD estandarizadas en dientes molares humanos extraídos. Las muestras se dividieron en cuatro grupos según el material de restauración: Grupo 1 (Filtek™ Z350 XT), Grupo 2 (Biodentine™ como base y luego restaurado con Filtek™ Z350 XT), Grupo 3 (Cention N™) y Grupo 4 (Activa™ Bioactivo-Reparador). La prueba de resistencia a la fractura fue realizada en una máquina de ensayo universal Instron. Se evaluaron los modos de falla de cada espécimen. Se midió el pH y la liberación de iones de calcio de los materiales. Se realizaron análisis SEM-EDAX. Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y la prueba post hoc de Tukey (p<0,05). El grupo 1 mostró la mayor resistencia a la fractura (p<0,05). El Grupo 3 tuvo mayores valores de resistencia a la fractura que el Grupo 4, pero sin diferencia estadística. Biodentine™ mostró un mayor potencial de biomineralización. Las restauraciones Clase II MOD del Grupo 1 mostraron la mayor resistencia a la fractura; sin embargo, estuvo altamente asociado con fallas irreparables. Por el contrario, Biodentine™ presentó un potencial de bioactividad más significativo y su uso, como en el Grupo 2, promovió el modo de falla más favorable.